Outlet for acid-receptacles



F. DE JAHN.

OUTLET FOR ACID RECEPTACLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6. I918.

Patented Jail. 18

1921. 2 SHEET$-SHEET I.

WITNESSES A TTOH/VEYS F. W. DE JAHN.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III/I WK WM 11 TTOHNEKS WITH/E8858 fiw mm UNITED STATES PlfiTENT OFFICE.

FREDRIK w. m; JAHN, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL cum/11cm,

COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Application filed May 6, 1918.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Fnnmcui IV. or: JAHN, a citizen of Norway, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful ,Improvements in Outlets for Acid-Receptacles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to outlets for receptacles or concentrators, as they are sometimes called, in which acids of various kinds are to be placed after or during their manufacture, or through which acids are to pass, or in which they are to be stored for a greater or less length of time. Such receptacles are commonly lined with refractory material in the form of bricks or tiles. They need not be so lined, however, and may,.indeed, be made in any one of various ways,

depending somewhat upon the kind, strength and temperature of the acid in question, as is well known in the art.

In order to conveniently withdraw acids from. receptacles of the type described, and in such varying quantities as may be desirable from time to time, it is necessary to provide a suitable outlet. Such outlet may or may not be provided with a valve, dependent upon whether the receptacle is for storage purposes or whether it is merely a part of the manufacturing apparatus through which the acid passes in a more or less continuous fashion. Owing, however, to the intensely corrosive action of most acids, it has been very difficult, hitherto, to arrange an outlet of the character and for the purposes described, of simple construction and having reasonable durability. V

In acid outlets, as heretofore proposed, perhaps the chief difficulty encountered has been that of providing a joint or attachment of the outlet to the receptacle which could be simply, easily and inexpensively made, which would be convenient and accessible, which would permit the outlet to be readily removed and at the same time would be thoroughly acid proof. The arrangement most usually met with has been that of a simple pipe of acid-proof material brought into registry with an opening through the receptacle and clamped against the receptacle by some arrangement of flange and bolts or the equivalent, a suitable annular gasket or packing being interposed between flange and receptacle to prevent leakage.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 18, 1921. Serial No. 232,969.

The gasket being directly in contact with the ac d, or positioned so that seepage of the acid would soon reach it, and havin moreover, a width (radially) only equal t?) the radial width of the flange, has quicklv deteriorated so as to permit leakage, thus enta ling expense and loss of time in making repairs.

It is the object of my invention, hereinafter to be described, to provide a joint whlch Wlll be entirely free from the objections set forth, which will have but few and inexpensive parts, which can be easily at tached or disattached and which need have no gaskets, using the term in its conventional sense, or other corrodible parts to be acted upon by the acid. My improved outlet will, therefore, have no tendency to leak and may be left in place for long periods of time without attention.

Briefly, I obtain the advantageous results desired and described by continuing the outlet pipe into the receptacle beyond the upper surface of the flange by which said outlet pipe is attached to the receptacle; an annular space is provided between the outer surface of this extended portion and the adjacent bottom lining of refractory material, and this space is filled with acid-proof cement. As the thickness of the refractory lining is, ordinarily, considerably greater than would be the normal radial width of the attaching flange, and as the acid-proof cement prevents the seepage of acid fully as well, if not better than does the usual gasket material, it is obvious that it will take considerably longer for the acid to eat through the joint than was the case with the simple gasketed joint of the prior art. Furthermore, it is a comparatively simple matter to examine the joint from time to time and to dig out and replace any disin tegrated cement without interfering with the joint in any other way and without the labor of unscrewing the bolts which attach the outlet and removing the outlet pipe as a whole. The conventional gasket may if desired, be used between the flange and the bottom of the receptacle, thus adding to the security of my improved joint the added security obtained from the gasket.

My invention will be better understood by referrin to the accompanying drawings in which igure 1 represents a central vertical section through a preferred form of my improved outlet, shown as applied to the bottom of an acid receptacle of conventional type; Fig. 2 shows a modification of the outlet of Fig. 1 in which the extended upper end of the outlet pipe does not pass entirely through the refractory bottom lining Fig. 3 represents a view of the outletof Fig. 1 but employing the usual gasket between flange and receptacle and also showing how a len th of pipe may be attached to the outlet; ig. 4 represents a central vertical section of my improved outlet, as shown in Fig. 2, but having an improved valve arrangement combined therewith; and Fig. 5 represents an elevation of the valve plug and part of the valve rod, used in the arrangement of Fig. 4, and taken at right angles thereto.

Referring to the drawings, the outlet 1n each case is shown as applied to the bottom ofthe tank just inside a wall thereof and only so much of the tank is shown as 1s necessary to an understanding of the invention. This receptacle, in the embodiment shown, may be of any desired form, as, for example, circular, oval, square or rectangular in crosssection. The receptacle is lined with refractory material, 1, which may be conveniently in the form of bricks arranged in courses, 2, 3, 4, disposed in the usual manner for brick construction and fastened together with any suitable cement which is inert to the action of acid, as, for example, silica cement. This lining is protected by a jacket or cover comprising a bottom, 5, and a side wall or walls, 6, of iron or steel. The bottom and wall or walls are suitably fastened together, either by welding an angle iron to the wall and then boltin said iron to the bottom (as in Fig. 1) or y welding (as in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, as shown at 7), or other known methods of fastening may be used. An opening, 8, is provided in the bottom, 5, and the refractory lining, 1, is similarly provided with an opening, 9, in registry therewith. In the construction shown in Fig. 4, a ring, 10, of refractory material, which may be of the same composition as that of the lining, 1, surrounds the opening, 8, and is built into the refractory lining and fastened thereto with acid-proof cement so as to form part thereof. In the forms shown in'the Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, this ring, it will be noted, is omitted.

A downwardly projecting tubular sleeve, or outlet pipe, 11, having top and bottom flanges, 12, 13 is bolted to the under side of the bottom, 5, in registry with openings, 8

and 9. The holding bolts, 14, may have their heads, 15, on the upper side of bottom,

5, in recesses cut in the refractory lining and either welded to the bottom or not; or, if desired, the heads, 15, may be sunk into the bottom and welded thereto or omitted alto- 'gether and the bolt shanks simply welded 12. In the construction of Figs. 1 and 3 this extended portion passes entirely through the refractory lining, while in the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 4 the extended portion passes only partially through the lining.

The opening, 9, in the bottom lining of refractory material, is sufliciently larger than the outside diameter of the extended portion, 16, to provide an annular space, 17, between the refractory material and the extended sleeve. This space is filled with suitable acid-proof cement, 18, as, for example, silica cement. This cement sets quickly, and, as it adheres tightly both to the sleeve and to the refractory material, will very cffectually prevent any passage of acid between the refractory material and the sleeve.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3, a gasket, 19, is placed between flange, 12, and the bottom, 5, and clamped in the usual way as an additional protection. In practice, however, it seems not to be really necessary.

The lower flange, 13, is intended for use in attaching the outlet to any desired further length of pipe, 20, in the usual way.

Here, a conventional gasket, 21, may be employed without serious disadvantage as this joint is usually very accessible, so that no particular inconvenience is caused by the necessity of occasionally opening the joint and inserting a fresh gasket.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the holding flange, 12, is not bolted directly to the bottom, 5, but to a flange, 22, at the bottom end of a tubular holding sleeve, 23, which is itself bolted, by an upper flange, 24, to the under side of the bottom in registry with opening, 8; or, the upper flange, 24, may be omitted altogether and the top edge of the holding sleeve proper be welded directly to the bottom, This holding sleeve and the bolts, 14 and 25, by which the flanges, 22 and 24, are attached to the outlet pipe 11, and to the jacket bottom, respec-' tively, may be of iron or mild steel.

The holding flange, 12, of the outlet pipe, should preferably be at such a distance from the upper end of said pipe that, when the pipe is thrust upwardly into the holding sleeve, 23, until the two flanges. 22, and, 12, are in contact with one another, the upper end of the pipe will project somewhat above the bottom, 5, but will, preferably, not reach to the inner bounding surface of the linin 1.

The upper en of outlet pipe, 11, is inwardly flanged at 18, and this flange is tapered so as to serve as a valve seat for abl a. similarly tapered valve plug 31, preferof soft rubber. penin 8 in bottom 5, and hence the inner section of sleeve, 23, should be smaller than the opening in the refractory ring, 10, and larger than the outer section of the outlet pipe, 11, so as to provide a space, 28, between the end of pipe, 11, and said ring, and also a space, 29, between the'sleeve, 23, and the pipe, 11. After the pipe, 11, has been bolted into place, silica cement, 30, is poured into these spaces, 28, and 29, between ring and pipe and between sleeve and pipe and allowed to flow upon and build itself up over the end of the ipe, as shown.

Valve plug, 27, is centra ly bored and carried upon a shank, 32, at the bottom of a valve rod, 33. A wedge or slip, 34, slips into a slot in shank, 32, just below the valve plug and holds the plug tightly against the shoulder, 35, of the valve rod. A pin, 36, through valve rod and wedge, prevents the latter from coming out.

The valve rod, 33, which may be of wood, porcelain, rubber or any other preferred material inert to the particular kind of acid to be held in the tank, may be of any desired length and manipulated in any preferred manner. As shown in the drawing, it is presumed that the rod will be sufficiently long to project above the top of the tank so that it may be lifted or raised to withdraw the plug, 31, from the valve seat when it is desired to permit acidto pass off.

lVedge, 34, and pin, 36, should also be made of chemically inert material.

By merely lifting the valve rod a greater or less extent, the acid is instantly allowed to flow off at any desired rate.

Owing to the fact that the flanges, 22, and. 12, upon the sleeve, 23, and pipe, 11, respectively, are at a substantial distance below the bottom of the tank, the bolts, 14:, can be readily gotten at in case, for any reason, it is desired to replace the outlet pipe, 11, with a new outlet pipe. Such replacement is, of course, bound to be re quired in time since no materials seem to be absolutely acidproof but are only called so when the action of acid upon them takes place with extreme slowness.

Another advantage of having these flanges well below the receptacle proper is that the pipe, 11, is thereby braced and made rigid over a very considerable portion of its length, so that any accidental knock or blow upon its lower end is much less likely to loosen its connection with the receptacle than if the flange, 12, were higher upon the pipe and attached directly to the bottom of the receptacle. I

Sleeve, 23, cannot be reached b acid and need never be disturbed. It, an the bolts,

or 2500 F.,

25, which attach it to the jacket, may, there fore, be kept. well covered with acld resistant paint so as to protect them from the corrosive eifect of the fumes always existent in the vicinity of acid receptacles.

The filling of silica cement, 30, will gradually disintegrate but may, obviously, be quickly and easily replaced whenever the receptacle is emptied.

Tie outlet pipe, 11, is simple and inexpensive to make as well as very substantial. Extra ipes may, therefore, be kept in stock. hen an outleta pipe has, in course of time, become corro ed and pitted so that a tight joint can -no longer be maintained between plug, 31, and its valve seat, 18, it is, clearly, but the work of a short time, and one requiring no special skill, to reglace it by a fresh pipe.

. \eferring to either of the several embodiments of the invention, instead of having the opening, 8, in the bottom of the recep tacle, I may, of course, if I prefer, and if conditions should seem to make it desirable, place the outlet in the side wall of the receptacle, preferably near the bottom. In this case,-o.f course, if a valve outlet be required, a suitable equivalent forthe valve rod of the drawings would have to be ar-.

ranged so that the plug, 23, could be moved in and out with respect to the valve seat when required.

The acid level may, of course, be at any desired height within the capacity limits of the receptacle. With the outlet in the bottom of the receptacle or in the side wall near the bottom, it will be noted that there is always a seal of liquid acid between the outlet and the flame or hot air within the receptacle so that there is consequently much less expansion of the parts of the outlet and of its attachment to the receptacle than where the outlet pipe extends well into the receptacle or above the level of the acid. This is a very important advantage since the air or vapor temperature within the rewhile the temperature of the acid is not likely to be above 700 F.

It will be noted that all of the parts to which the acid has access are of material inert to the acid. It should also be noted that no gaskets of any kind are required.

In the several forms of the invention herein described and shown, the receptacle as a whole may be supported upon any suitable foundation in such a way that the outlet pipe or said pipe and its supporting sleeve are left free and accessible. Or, the receptacle may rest upon the floor, a hole being provided therein through which the outlet pipe and sleeve may project into a room below. 1

Various changes of detail will readily occeptacle may readily be as much as 2000 F.

our to those skilled in the art-within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the following claims:

I claim:

1. In combination with an acid receptacle having a refractory lining and a jacket of material corrodible by the acid contents of the vessel, said receptacle being provided with an opening, an outlet plpe attached to the jacket of the receptacle and having a portion extending within but spaced from the wall of said opening and an acid proof packing occupying said space.

2. In combination with an acid receptacle having a refractory lining and a jacket of material corrodible by the acid contents of the vessel, said receptacle being provided with an opening, an outlet pipe attached to the jacket of the receptacle and having one portion extending within but spaced from the wall of said opening, said space being filled with an acid proof packing, and another portion projecting outwardly from the receptacle.

3. In an acid receptacle a refractory lining provided with an opening, an outlet pipe for said receptacle extending 1nto sa1d opening and terminating wlthln the area of said opening, said pipe havlng an outward flange at one part thereof and means between said flange and the remote end of the pipe within saidopening and operative between the flan e and an outer part of the receptacle for astening the pipe to the receptacle and for retaining the pipe in a position such that its remote end may not project beyond the inner surface of the lining of the receptacle.

4. In combination with an acid receptacle having a refractory lining and provided with an opening, an outlet pipe attached to the receptacle having one portion extending within but spaced from the wall of said opening said space being filled with an acid proof packing, and another portion projecting outwardly from the receptacle, said outwardly projecting portion having an attaching flange spaced from the receptacle.

5. In combination with an acid receptacle having a refractory lining and provided with an opening, an outlet pipe having a portion extending within but spaced from the wall of said opening, another portion projecting outwardly from the receptacle and having a flange at the outer end thereof, a flange between the ends attached to the receptacle, and an acid proof cement in the space-between the pipe and the wall of the opening.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDRIK W. DE J AHN. 

